What is required for a private pilot to operate an aircraft during special VFR conditions?

To operate an aircraft during special VFR (Visual Flight Rules) conditions, it is crucial for a private pilot to receive clearance from air traffic control (ATC). This requirement ensures that pilots are authorized to navigate in conditions where visibility is below the standard VFR minimums, which can involve flying with reduced visibility or cloud cover. The clearance from ATC is necessary to ensure that the pilot can safely operate the aircraft and that separation from other aircraft is maintained in controlled airspace.

The other options do not meet the requirements for operating under special VFR. Having an instrument rating, while beneficial for flying in poor weather conditions, is not a prerequisite for special VFR; it is more applicable to flying under IFR (Instrument Flight Rules). Additionally, having a co-pilot is not mandatory for special VFR operations, and flying only in daylight hours is not a specific requirement, as special VFR can also be conducted at night if permission has been granted by ATC.