In the case of multiple heavier-than-air aircraft approaching for landing, which aircraft has right of way?

The principle behind determining which aircraft has the right of way during landing is based on the relative altitudes of the incoming aircraft. In this scenario, the lower aircraft has the right of way. This is because it is considered at a more immediate risk of conflict due to its position closer to the runway and the ground, where the complexities of aircraft separation are greater. The rule prioritizes the lower aircraft to help ensure safe and effective landings, as the higher aircraft can easily adjust its altitude to avoid conflicts.

In contrast, flying higher does not confer any right of way advantage and can actually complicate landing procedures. Size or weight considerations also do not play a role in determining right of way, as larger aircraft can be equally maneuverable or adjusted in altitude as smaller ones. Speed can affect an aircraft's approach but does not dictate priority for landing; the established aviation regulations prioritize altitude. Thus, the safest protocol is to grant the right of way to the lower aircraft, facilitating more efficient landing patterns and reducing the risk of collision.